SHAMAM, Al-Bashir Mohammed. –Heresy (bid’ah) an methodologies of heresy from the perspective of the two imams: ibn Taymiya and shatibi.  – A comparative fundamentalist study. Journal of Islamic Sciences, New Mexico, United States, v. 2, n. 1, p. 30–1, 2019. DOI: 10.26389/AJSRP.B191218. Disponível em: https://journals.ajsrp.com/index.php/jis/article/view/1184. Acesso em: 24 jan. 2026.